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Program > September 5SEPTEMBER 5, 20239.00 - 10.00 Mental health of young migrants Joanna Norton Institut national de la sante et de la recherche medicale (INSERM)/Université de Montpellier This session will focus on the mental health of young migrants, who often arrive as unaccompanied and separated children (UASC), protected under the United Nation’s 1989 Child Protection Act. Although the legislation on reaching adulthood varies from one host country to another, their first years of adulthood are often characterised by anxiousness and vulnerability regarding their right-to-stay in the host country. The first part of the session will start with an attempt at answering the question of what is mental health and how can it be measured? This will be followed by an up-to-date overview and discussion of the international scientific literature on the topic, with prevalence rates for the main psychiatric disorders, namely depression, anxiety, somatoform disorders and post-traumatic stress disorders in young migrants. We will see that there is extended research on the mental health both accompanied and unaccompanied migrant children but limited research on young migrants in their early years of adulthood. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of study methods, lack of longitudinal study designs and use of standardised research tools, and often small and convenience sample sizes make comparisons difficult. The second part of the session will describe an exploratory study recently carried out in three French cities on the mental health of UASC in their first years of adulthood after leaving child protection. This will be approached:
We will end with a discussion of what was learnt from this study for further research (critical assessment of study design, advantages/disadvantages of quantitative versus qualitative research, feasibility, etc.).
9.00 - 12.00 Participatory visual approaches to migration - Photovoice workshop Leyla Safta-Zecheria & Catarina Sales Oliveira Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara & Universidad de Beira Interior/Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-IUL) In this photovoice workshop participants will gain an overview of why and how visual methods have been used to overcome practical and ethical challenges in migration research. They will develop practical skills of basic uses of visual participatory methodologies in migration studies (photovoice, digital storytelling etc) and explore potential ethical challenges of visual participatory research in migration.
10.00-11.00 Psycho-Social memory and transmission Thierry Atzeni Université Savoie Mont Blanc. Laboratoire LPNC Chambéry The organization of autobiographical memories in memory follows a temporal structuring. This structuring is expressed in particular through a distribution of these memories across the lifespan that is extremely regular across individuals, with the following components which have been consistently identified in the literature: childhood amnesia, retention and reminiscence. The latter is usually defined as a recall of a larger than expected number of vivid and important memories from the 10–30 age period of life - i.e. the reminiscence bump. Three main possible explanations have been suggested for the reminiscence bump. A maturational account suggests that cognitive capacities are at their optimum from ages 10–30, and as such, one remembers more events from that period. A social development account suggests that more events are recalled from the 10–30 age period because this is when an individual’s personal and social identity is formed and one’s self-narrative is constructed. Finally, a cognitive mechanisms account suggests that during young adulthood, a person goes through a period of rapid change followed by a period of relative stability. In order to disentangle these explanations, the immigration situation was used owing to the similarity of its features with the 10-30 age period. Indeed, this is a period of change, often rapid, followed as a rule by a period of relative stability. Researches that have focused on the reminiscence component through the study of autobiographical memories among immigrants have provided a better understanding of the temporal organization of these memories. In the first part, we will review the main results obtained from researches on the reminiscence bump among immigrant populations. In particular, we will examine the effect of a major cultural and linguistic transition, such as immigration, on the recall of autobiographical memories. In addition, we will address the relationship between language and memory among bilingual immigrants via same language and crossover memories. In a second part, the effect of immigration on the recall of autobiographical memories will be discussed from a more qualitative angle, as well as the link with mental health issues. Finally, in the last part, we will address memory as a social object that participates in the shaping of both individual and collective identities, through the processes of collective memory formation and collective forgetting. More specifically, we will see how the processes underlying collective memory and collective forgetting contribute to the mechanisms of cohesion and assimilation of immigrant populations.
11.00 - 12.00 Voices in the head: variations in endophasia and fluctuations in agency framed in a neurocognitive model Hélène Lœvenbruck Université Grenoble Alpes. Laboratoire LPNC Grenoble Inner speech, or endophasia, can take various formats depending on the individual or the situation. It can be experienced as expanded, like a little voice chattering in the head, or rather as condensed, abbreviated and deprived of sensory quality. It can feel monologal, when we engage in internal soliloquy, or dialogal when we recall past dialogues or imagine future conversations. It can feel intentional, when we rehearse material in memory, or unintentional and irruptive, during mind wandering or daydreaming. In the ConDialInt model, a neurocognitive model rooted in a predictive control theory, this diversity of forms is accounted for by considering a gradual variation along three essential dimensions: condensation, dialogality and intentionality. Endophasia is viewed as an interruption in the speech production process. Speech production itself is considered as hierarchically monitored, with prediction-based control. Variations in condensation, dialogality and intentionality are associated with tuning of specific control parameters: earliness of inhibition, perspective and predictor, initiation of monitoring. A derived dimension in the model is agency, the experience of oneself being the source of the verbal production. In line with the predictive control framework, agency attribution is assumed to rely on the timing of initial semantic content relative to sensory prediction. I will show how the model can account for atypical forms of endophasia, such as auditory verbal hallucination or rumination, and what treatment options it may suggest.
14.00 - 15.00 Experiences of motherhood by immigrant women in Switzerland: a qualitative study Patricia Perrenoud Haute Ecole de Santé de Vaud (HESAV) Lausanne The physical and mental health of immigrant women in the perinatal period has been a growing topic of interest as they suffer from a higher morbidity and mortality than non-immigrant women. This difference is considered as a tangible sign of reproductive injustice in high-income countries and is a motive for concern in care ethics. The course will use an approach at the intersection of migration studies and care ethics. It will be based on an FNS study conducted in Switzerland (2018-2020) which examined the digital practices of immigrant women during the perinatal period and included women’s experience. Our ethnographic study comprised observations and interviews with women and their health and social care providers (HSCP). Immigrant women as well as a proportion of professionals connected the quality of women’s experience to their concrete sociomaterial situations. Their discourses also showed that social and migration politics, as well their implementation into practice by street-level professionals, could undermine immigrant women’s physical and emotional safety and contribute to reproductive injustice. Immigrant women also connected their experience to their situation as a member of a transnational family, which often implied missing close ones intensely. Women and HSCP employed different strategies – including digital ones - to countervail the social distress lived by some women, in particular its dimension of loneliness common to women from all socioeconomical backgrounds. HSCP did not consistently understand immigrant women’s needs and experiences; particularly when they stereotyped women while using an essentialist approach to culture. In such instances, immigrant women’s needs for information and support could be underestimated. Immigrant women’s experiences of motherhood also underscore the relevance of generally using a holist understanding of the perinatal experience both in research and practice, including women’s sociomaterial conditions. This proposition can be deemed self-evident, but it is not consistently implemented as ethnographic examples will illustrate. In addition, the course will describe and analyze several methodological and ethical challenges which occurred during the study such as the need to collaborate with interpreters to conduct the interviews.
14.00 - 17.00 Researching migration control in uneven playing fields Valeria Ferraris Università di Torino This session focuses on researching migration control in countries characterised by a high level of informality and/or gaps between law in the books and law in action and/or blurred lines between detention and reception and/or a lack of openness from institutions in allowing researchers to have data, enter facilities devoted to held migrants, etc. This restrictive access requires integrating different research methods, from quantitative to qualitative methods. The session will show some examples of research adopted with different epistemological approaches. It will engage students in building a methodological framework to investigate a migration control issue considering the country-specific situation.
15.00 - 17.00 Exploring the nexus between migration and mobilities studies Catarina Sales Oliveira Universidad de Beira Interior/Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-IUL) In this lecture we will discuss the relation between the two fields of study: mobilities studies and migration studies. With a well-established tradition in social sciences, migration studies is a long known field of studies. In recent years the increase in dynamics of moves and flows of people around the world in old but also new forms has challenged migration studies paradigms and concepts. In this scenario mobilities studies developed in the beginning of the XXI century addressing precisely the new mobility regimes and its meanings for social world. In addition to the figures of migrant and refugee - which are increasingly complex situations - there are now the hyper-mobile workers, posted workers, travellers, nomads and others. These represent very different social positions and living conditions. In this session we will take a look at all this concepts and discuss the relevance and timeliness of the main explanatory theories with also a look at social intervention. Confronting the two fields we highlight the lines of cooperation and complementarity between them.
Theme: Health & migration Methods in migration studies Interdisciplinary focus Plenary session
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